WordPress FTP 101: Everything A Website Owner Should Know

If you’ve ever wanted to add new files, edit your wp-config file, improve your website’s security, or customize different elements but found yourself limited by the WordPress dashboard, you’re not alone. 

The dashboard is useful for many tasks, but sometimes it just doesn’t give you the control you need. 

The solution to these challenges lies in WordPress FTP. Experts often stress on its importance. Using FTP gives you direct access to your website’s files. With this tool, you can easily upload files, troubleshoot issues, and enhance your site’s security. 

TL;DR: FTP allows direct access to your WordPress site’s files for easier management, troubleshooting, and customization. Always remember to take backups with a robust backup plugin like BlogVault before making any changes.

What is FTP?

FTP access is a useful tool that allows you to upload, download, and manage files on your website. Think of it as a bridge between your computer and your website’s server. This bridge lets you move files and folders back and forth easily.

Using FTP gives you direct access to your website’s file system without having to go through the WordPress dashboard. This can be very helpful when you need more control over your site or when you are locked out. 

To connect FTP to your server, you need special software called FTP clients. Some common FTP clients are FileZilla, Cyberduck, and WinSCP.

How FTP is used with WordPress

FTP is widely used for website maintenance, troubleshooting, and making custom changes. One of the best features of FTP is its ability to transfer multiple files at once, called batch transfers. This can save you a lot of time compared to moving files one by one.

Many FTP clients also support drag-and-drop functionality, which lets you manage files by simply dragging them from one place to another. This makes the process intuitive and easy.

Another great feature is that some FTP clients have built-in text editors. This means you can quickly edit files on your server without needing to download them first. FTP can also be used to back up your website files, adding another layer of security.

Note: While it is not recommended for security reasons, you can use a WordPress FTP plugin for a quick access to your files.

What do you need to use FTP?

FTP client software

First, you need FTP client software. Popular options include FileZilla, Cyberduck, and WinSCP. These programs help you connect to your website’s server and make file management easier.

Credentials

This includes a username, password, and server address. Check with your hosting provider for your FTP credentials. Keep them safe, as you’ll need them to access your site.

Stable internet connection

A stable internet connection is crucial for reliable file transfers. Slow or unstable connections can interrupt the transfer process and create issues.

Basic knowledge of WordPress file structure

Having a basic understanding of the WordPress file structure can be very helpful. Knowing where different files are located makes it easier to find and manage what you need.

File permissions

You should know about file permissions and how to set them. Proper permissions ensure your files are secure and accessible only to those who need them.

Text editor

Having a text editor is useful for making quick file edits directly within the FTP client. Some FTP clients come with built-in text editors, making this task even easier.

Setting up FTP access for your WordPress site

Setting up FTP access for your WordPress site is simpler than you might think. We will be using FileZilla as an example:

1. Access Site Manager: Once you get your FTP credentials from your hosting provider. Open the FTP client and click on the File option. Next, navigate to the Site Manager. This is where you’ll input your credentials to connect to your website.

2. Establish connection: Once you’ve entered your credentials, specify the connection type. You can choose between FTP or SFTP. If your host supports it, we recommend choosing SFTP for secure, encrypted file transfers. This adds an extra layer of security to your data. Finally, click on Connect to establish a connection.

Note: Your FTP and SFTP may have different credentials. Make sure you confirm them with your hosting provider.

How to use WordPress FTP

Before you even think about launching the FTP client, make sure you backup your website. A small mistake could lead to your site malfunctioning, showing errors, or even crashing completely. 

Taking a full backup ensures you have a safety net if anything goes wrong.

Once connected, find the WordPress root directory. This is usually called public_html or www. In this directory, you’ll find all the core files and folders that power your WordPress site. Once you locate your specific file or folder, here’s how you can manage them via FTP:

Uploading files

Uploading files to your WordPress site is super easy. You can transfer large batches of files efficiently, saving time. Here’s how you can quickly add new themes, plugins, or other files: 

1. Extract your files: If the files are in a compressed format, like a .zip file, you will need to extract them. You can do this by either double-clicking the file or right-clicking and selecting the Extract option.

2. Upload the files: Now, drag and drop the extracted files or folders from your local machine to the appropriate directory in your WordPress installation. Alternatively, you can navigate to the File section and select the Import option.

3. Verify in WordPress dashboard: Finally, log in to your WordPress dashboard to ensure that the newly uploaded files are recognized. Depending on what you uploaded, you may need to activate a theme, enable a plugin, or configure settings as needed.

Modifying files

FTP allows you to edit core WordPress files or custom code directly. Something that can’t be done on your dashboard. This gives you more control and lets you make very specific changes.

Modifying files on your WordPress site can be necessary for various reasons, like adding features or fixing issues. Here’s how you can use FTP to edit your files: 

1. Navigate to the root directory: First, you need to navigate to the root directory of your WordPress installation. This is usually named public_html or www. Here, you’ll find all the core files that make your site run.

2. Locate and edit the file: Once you’re in the root directory, look for the file you wan to edit. Next, open the file in a text editor to make the necessary changes. You can use the built-in text editor if you’re using FileZilla. 

3. Save the modified file: After making your changes, save the file. If your FTP client does not have a built-in text editor, upload the modified file back to the root directory, ensuring you overwrite the existing file. This updates your site with the new settings or changes you’ve made.

Changing file permissions

Adjusting or repairing file or directory permissions is key for site security and functionality. Here’s how you can do it:

1. Right-click on the file or directory: In your FTP client, navigate to the file or directory for which you need to change permissions. Right-click on it to bring up the context menu.

2. Select File Permissions or Attributes: From the context menu, based on your client, select the option that says File Permissions or Attributes. This will open a dialog box where you can set the new permissions.

3. Set the numeric value or check boxes: In the permissions dialog, you can either set the numeric value directly or check the appropriate read, write, and execute boxes. For example, you could set:

• 755 for directories
• 644 for files

These values control who can read, write, or execute the file. Once you’ve set the permissions, apply the changes.

Download files

Downloading files from your WordPress site can be useful for backups, local development, or troubleshooting. Here’s how to do it:

1. Navigate to the required directory: First, navigate to the directory in your WordPress installation where the files you want to download are located.

2. Select the files or directories: You can select multiple items if needed. Once you have selected the files or directories, right-click on them and choose the Download option from the context menu.

3. Choose a location on your local device: Next, choose a location on your local machine where you want to save the downloaded files. To keep things tidy, you can organize the downloaded files in a structured manner on your local machine. This makes it easier to access and manage them later.

Difference between FTP and SFTP

When it comes to transferring files to and from your website, you have two main options: FTP and SFTP. While they might sound similar, they have some key differences. Let’s break it down.

FTP

FTP, or File Transfer Protocol, is the traditional method used to transfer files between your computer (the client) and a server over a network. Think of it as sending a package through regular mail. Here are some important points about FTP:

Standard protocol: FTP is a standard way to move files between two computers over a network.

Separate channels: FTP uses two separate channels for control commands and data transfer. This can make setting up security and firewalls a bit tricky.

Widely supported: Many hosting providers support FTP, so it’s commonly available for managing website files.

SFTP

SFTP, or Secure File Transfer Protocol, is like a more secure version of FTP. It’s like sending that same package but now it’s locked in a secure box with a special key. Here’s what you need to know about SFTP:

Extension of SSH: SFTP is an extension of SSH (Secure Shell), which means it adds a layer of security to the file transfer process.

Encrypted data: SFTP encrypts both your data and commands, so anyone trying to intercept the data won’t be able to read or alter it.

Single channel: SFTP uses just one encrypted channel for both control commands and data. This simplifies firewall configurations and boosts security.

Extra features: It offers additional features like managing file permissions, deleting files remotely, and resuming interrupted transfers.

Inherently secure: Many hosting providers support SFTP because it provides strong security through SSH.

While both FTP and SFTP allow you to transfer files, SFTP offers better security and easier setup. FTP can still be used for simpler tasks where security is not a major concern, but for any sensitive or critical file transfers, SFTP is the way to go.

Troubleshooting WordPress FTP issues 

We know troubleshooting issues can be frustrating, but with some simple steps, you can solve these problems quickly. Here’s what and how you can do it:

Incorrect FTP credentials 

Double-check your FTP credentials, which include your username, password, server address, and port number. These are provided by your hosting provider, so make sure they are entered correctly in your FTP client.

Unsupported or disabled FTP service 

Sometimes, FTP or SFTP services may not be supported or could be disabled for your account. Check with your hosting provider to confirm that these services are available and enabled.

“Permission Denied” error when trying to upload, delete, or modify files 

This error means you don’t have the right permissions to make changes. Verify and adjust file permissions in your FTP client. For example, directories usually need to be set to 755, and files should be set to 644.

Server firewall restrictions 

Your server’s firewall might be blocking FTP connections. Confirm that the firewall settings allow FTP connections through the specified port, typically port 21 for FTP and port 22 for SFTP.

Persistent issues despite troubleshooting

If you’ve tried all these steps and still have problems, contact your hosting provider’s support team. Give them detailed information about the issue and any error messages you’ve received. They should be able to help you resolve the problem.

Best practices for using FTP with WordPress

Using FTP with WordPress is powerful, but it comes with responsibilities. Here are some best practices to keep things secure and running smoothly:

Use SFTP: Use SFTP (Secure File Transfer Protocol) for encrypted and secure file transfers. 

Backup before making changes: Always backup your WordPress website files and database before making changes. If something goes wrong, you’ll have a safety net.

Change passwords regularly: Regularly change your FTP and SFTP passwords to enhance security. This makes it harder for hackers to gain access.

Limit access: Limit FTP access to trusted users only and revoke access when no longer needed. Only allow people you trust to use FTP.

Use strong passwords: Use strong, unique passwords for your FTP accounts. Don’t use easy-to-guess passwords like “password123.”

Keep software updated: Keep your FTP client software updated to the latest version to ensure security and compatibility. Updates often fix security holes and bugs.

Know the WordPress file structure: Familiarize yourself with the WordPress file structure to avoid accidental deletions or modifications. Know where things are so you don’t delete something important by mistake.

Set appropriate file permissions: Set appropriate file permissions. This is to restrict unauthorized access and modifications. This keeps your files safe from tampering.

Disconnect after use: Disconnect from the FTP client after completing your tasks to ensure the connection is closed securely. This prevents unauthorized access if you forget to close the program.

Be cautious with core files: Be cautious when modifying core WordPress files. A minor error can cause your entire site to break.

Avoid public networks: Avoid using public or unsecured networks when accessing FTP to prevent interception. Public Wi-Fi can be risky.

Parting thoughts

FTP is a powerful tool for WordPress file management, offering direct access to your site’s files. It allows you to troubleshoot, customize, and manage your site more effectively.

Prioritize security by using SFTP, strong passwords, and limiting access to trusted users. Always backup your site before making changes to safeguard against potential issues. 

FAQs

How do I find my WordPress FTP? 

To find your WordPress FTP credentials, check your hosting provider’s account details or support documentation. These details typically include your FTP username, password, server address, and port number. If you can’t find this information, contact your hosting provider’s support team for assistance.

How do I access my FTP? 

To access your FTP, you’ll need an FTP client like FileZilla. Open the FTP client and enter your FTP credentials, which include the username, password, server address, and port number provided by your hosting provider. Click Connect to establish a connection to your server.

How do I find my FTP port? 

Your FTP port is typically specified by your hosting provider. For standard FTP, the port is usually 21, while for SFTP, it’s 22. You can find this information in your hosting account details or by contacting your hosting provider’s support team.

How do I access FTP by IP address? 

To access FTP by IP address, open your FTP client and enter the IP address in the server field. Along with the IP address, input your FTP username and password. Click Connect to access your server, allowing you to manage your website files directly.

How do I view files in FTP? 

You will have to establish a connection to view files in FTP. You can then view and manage your files directly within the FTP client interface. You can navigate through directories just like you would on your computer, allowing you to upload, download, and modify files as needed.